Hedgehogs are small, nocturnal mammals belonging to the family Erinaceidae, and they are easily recognized by their spiny backs. These spikes, or quills, are made of keratin (the same protein found in human hair and nails) and serve as a defense mechanism, allowing the hedgehog to curl into a tight ball when threatened, protecting its vulnerable belly. Hedgehogs are found in Europe, Asia, and Africa, and they have also been introduced to New Zealand.
Hedgehogs are omnivores, feeding on a diet that includes insects, small invertebrates, fruits, and vegetables. Their excellent sense of smell and hearing help them locate food, even though their eyesight is relatively poor. These solitary creatures are typically active during the night, spending their waking hours foraging for food.
In colder climates, hedgehogs hibernate during the winter months, using fat reserves they’ve built up during the warmer seasons. Known for their shy and reclusive behavior, hedgehogs are important for controlling insect populations, especially in gardens and natural habitats. With their distinctive appearance and role in the ecosystem, hedgehogs have become beloved animals across the world.
